Currently, the United Nations has 193 member countries, serving as a platform for decision-making and negotiation among these states. However, there are some countries that are not part of the UN, such as Taiwan in Asia, the Vatican City in Europe, Western Sahara in Africa, and the Cook Islands and Niue in Oceania.
Among these is Palestine, which, despite having been recognized as a non-member observer state in 2012, remains as a "non-member observer state" due to pressures from the United States and Israel. This recognition was made in an effort to achieve a sense of autonomy and representation for the Palestinian people.
The UN, founded after World War II, aims primarily to maintain security and promote international cooperation, celebrating 70 years of existence. Every October 24 is celebrated as United Nations Day in commemoration of the entry into force of its Charter in 1945.
The United Nations Charter was an international treaty that emphasized cooperation among member countries, respect for human rights, and decision-making on a wide variety of issues facing humanity in the 21st century. This document was signed in San Francisco, California, except for the Vatican City, which remained a permanent observer, and Palestine, which continues as a non-member observer.
